Ethiopia - education
Ethiopia - education, During the period 1974-91, when the educational system
was strongly characterized by Marxist-Leninist ideology, a great dependence was
created on foreign aid. Since 1991, the education system has developed in a more
liberal direction, but finding new sources of funding has been difficult. By
1990, over a third of the adult population was illiterate.
There is no compulsory school and education, but education is free. The
education system is built with a 6-year primary school for 7-12 year olds; it is
completed by 22% of a year (1992) and the language of instruction
is Amharic. Then follows a 2-year continuation, sought by 11% of a vintage
(1992). Here the teaching takes place as far as possible in English. The
general education can be completed with a 4-year senior secondary school. Higher
education is offered at three universities and nine other higher education
institutions and is sought by 0.6% of a year (1991).
OFFICIAL NAME: Ityopiya
CAPITAL CITY: Addis Ababa
POPULATION: 99,500,000 (Source: COUNTRYaah)
AREA: 1,160,000 km²
OFFICIAL/OFFICIAL LANGUAGES: Amharic, tigrinnya, oromo, somali, total approximately 70 languages
RELIGION: Coptic Christians 43%, Muslims 36%, Protestants 14%, Native Religions 6%,
Catholics 1%
CURRENCY: birr
CURRENCY CODE: A B
ENGLISH NAME: Ethiopia
POPULATION COMPOSITION: oromo 40%, amharic 23%, tigray 9%, sidamo 9%, somali 6%, other 13%
GDP PER CAPITA INH.: $ 570 (2014)
LIFE EXPECTANCY: men 42 years, women 43 years (2007)
LIVING CONDITIONS INDEX, HDI: 0435
LIVING CONDITIONS INDEX, POSITION: 173
INTERNET DOMAIN NAME: .one
According to DIGOPAUL, Ethiopia
is a Republic of Eastern Africa. Unlike almost every other country in
Africa, Ethiopia has never been a colony but emerged as a result of the empire's
expansion in the latter part of the 1800's. and the early 1900's. From World War
II to 1993, Eritrea joined the country.
- AbbreviationFinder.org: Find two-letter abbreviation for each
independent country and territory, such as ET which stands for Ethiopia.
Ethiopia has been plagued by civil war and failed development policy and is
often haunted by drought. During Eritrea's detachment war, many people
became internal refugees in the country (so-called IDPs, Internally
Displaced Persons). Up to 2000, the country experienced a three-year period of
widespread drought; According to WPF, the World Food Program, was over 10
million. people threatened by food shortages. After the end of the war with
Eritrea in 2000, many refugees have returned and more areas have received more
rain. However, Ethiopia remains one of the last places in the world if the
living conditions are measured by the so-called Human Development Index.
Ethiopia - Constitution
Ethiopia Constitution, The Constitution of the Republic of 1994 states that
Ethiopia consists of ten states with a federal system of government. The
executive power lies with the president, the legislative power at the National
Assembly. In addition, a high degree of autonomy has been granted to the
individual states, as well as being given a constitutionally legal right to
choose to resign from the federation. The background is Ethiopia's many
different ethnic groups and the significant contradictions that exist between
them.
Ethiopia - Health conditions
Ethiopia - Health conditions, The construction of a health system in Ethiopia
has been hampered, especially in rural areas, by repeated periods of drought and
wars. Despite health authorities' plans for better water and sanitation
conditions, less than 20% had access to clean drinking water and modern
sanitation in the early 1990's. Over 50% had more than 10 km to the nearest
health center. Maternal and child mortality rates were among the highest in
Africa, respectively. over 100 times and approximately 25 times higher than in
Denmark. The average life expectancy is very low, but it has increased from 37
years in 1960 to 48 in 1990.
The country's major health problems are infectious and nutrition-related
diseases, most frequently diarrhea, respiratory tract
infections, tuberculosis, eye and skin diseases, as well as malaria and worm
diseases. The incidence of leprosy is declining, while HIV/AIDS is on the
rise, as are accidents. In Ethiopia, a special form of tropical parasitic
disease occurs leishmaniasis.
Ethiopia - architecture and visual arts
Ethiopia - architecture and visual art, With Ethiopia's Christianity
approximately 330-50 a need arose for a new art. Although nothing has been preserved
from the earliest period, the import of cult images has certainly been the case,
and the earliest church construction shows external influences.
Noteworthy are the churches attributable to Emperor Lalibela of the Zagwed
dynasty (1182-1220). They are located in the town of Lalibela in the Lasta area
and are carved into the rocks of a reddish tuffstone. In the relief-shaped
facades you can see imitations of the building custom from Aksum, where the
beam ends were included as a decorative part of the masonry. For centuries,
moreover, a basic feature is repeated in the floor plan of the Ethiopian
churches, namely the central three-door cubic cell where the altar with the ark
is located - a distinct influence of Jewish architecture.
Ethiopian painting, rich in both manuscripts and murals (icons), also has its
own character. The figure style is contoured, and the colors few but
strong; ribbon braid ornaments are also seen. In the 1600's. In Gondar there
was an entire official school where this style flourished, and the Gondar
tradition continues to live on in contemporary folk art.
Ethiopia - music
Ethiopia - music Ethiopia's music stands out by being influenced by religious
groups such as Copts and Falashas, while transferring the vocal starting point
that applies to both African and mixed forms of music to the many musical
instruments that characterize the area. Since the 600-h. Ethiopian music has
been influenced by Arabic style and scales, and in the 1900's. a modern,
media-created urban music has gained in popularity.
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