Yemen - education
Yemen - education, The public, strongly Islamic education system is around
2000 in principle free; however, books and exam fees and certificates are
paid. In the adult population, illiteracy totals approximately 50% (2003) and is
especially prevalent among women, where about 70% are illiterate.
The nine-year compulsory primary school for 6-15-year-olds is followed by a
three-year superstructure. However, schooling is strongly marked by dropouts,
especially among the girls, who only make up approximately 1/4 of
each year.
Higher education takes place at the country's universities in Sanaa and Aden
and at the other higher education institutions.
OFFICIAL NAME: al-Yaman
CAPITAL CITY: Sana
POPULATION: 26,000,000 (Source: COUNTRYaah)
AREA: 531,000 km²
OFFICIAL LANGUAGE (S): Arabic
RELIGION: Sunni Muslims 53%, Shia Muslims 47%
COIN: Yemeni Rial
CURRENCY CODE: YER
ENGLISH NAME: Yemen
POPULATION COMPOSITION: Arabs 95%, Indians 2%, Somalis 2%, others 1%
GDP PER residents: 2500 $ (2013)
LIFE EXPECTANCY: men 63, women 67 years (2014)
INDEX OF LIVING CONDITIONS, HDI: 0.500
INDEX OF LIVING CONDITIONS, POSITION: 154
INTERNET DOMAIN NAME: .ye
According to DIGOPAUL, Yemen, (by Arab al-Yaman 'south', eg 'country on the right',
perceived as 'the right or happy place') is a republic formed in 1990 as a merger
of North Yemen and South Yemen, two of the poorest in the Arab world and most
backward countries. When the association began the democratization of the
political system, but the lack of economic development led to growing social
discontent that culminated in a civil war in 1994. Since then the democratic
process continues, but the divisions in Yemeni society is large and leads
regularly to violence. On the one hand, there are groups linked to al-Qaeda, and
on the other, there are major divisions between the Sunnis and the Shiite Houthi
rebels.
- AbbreviationFinder.org: Find two-letter abbreviation for each
independent country and territory, such as YE which stands for Yemen.
Yemen - language
Yemen - language, Official language is standard Arabic. In the spoken
language, the dialect differences are significant. Most dialects are related to
other dialects of the Arabian Peninsula; however, the vocabulary and certain
grammatical forms are influenced by Southern Arabic.
The southern Arabic dialects soqotri and mehri are spoken
respectively. on Socotra and in the easternmost Hadramawt.
The vocabulary in the spoken language is characterized by a number of
Egyptian deposits, not only due to the participation of Egyptian soldiers in the
1962-68 civil war, but also due to the influence of Egyptian television and
film.
Yemen - religion
Yemen - religion, Virtually everyone in Yemen is Muslim. The majority are
Sunni Muslims and follow the Shafiite law school (see Shafiites), but a large
part of the population in the former North Yemen belongs to the Shia Muslim
branch zaydiyya.
The Zaidites are named after Husayn ibn Ali's grandson Zaid (d. 740), who in
713/14 was chosen by some as the fifth imam in the line, while the other Shia
Muslims recognized Zaid's brother.
Zaydiyya, which is therefore also called the five-imam line, has developed
its own theology and its own legal tradition, which is closer to Sunni Islam
than other Shia Muslim branches.
Yemen also has a small group of Shia Muslims of the seven-Imam line
(see Ismailis). Only a few hundred Yemeni Jews remain in the country. Yemen's
religious affairs are administered by a special religious ministry.
Yemen - Constitution
Yemeni Constitution, According to the 1991 Constitution of the Republic of
Yemen, with significant amendments from 1994, Islamic law, sharia, must form
the basis of all legislation, and the economy must be market -
based. Legislative power lies with a unicameral parliament, the House of
Representatives, whose 301 members are elected by universal suffrage for four
years. The executive has the president, who is elected for five years by direct
election; he can only be re-elected once. The President appoints the Prime
Minister and the other members of the Government; the formation of a government
requires the approval of Parliament.
Yemen - economy
Yemen - economy, After the civil war in 1994, Yemen had to ask the
International Monetary Fund for support. The counterclaim was a reform program
that was introduced in 1995 and implied that the currency, riyal,
was devalued, and the fixed exchange rate policy abandoned; furthermore, fiscal
and monetary policy were tightened to reduce a large budget deficit and reduce
high inflation. The reform program also included demands for the improvement of
public budgets through an ambitious privatization program. However, the
government has been reluctant to implement this due to unemployment. The
employment situation is exacerbated by the fact that a large proportion of the
population is illiterate; therefore, the field of education has been given high
priority in development policy. Another problem is that the economy is very
sensitive to fluctuations in oil prices; oil accounts for about 90% of export
earnings, and Yemen is heavily dependent on imports from abroad.
When oil prices fell in 1998, the IMF froze loans to Yemen because its
government would not implement all the required savings; when fuel subsidies
were cut in 2005, violent unrest erupted. With rising oil prices from 1999, the
state budget has improved and inflation has been reduced; there are (2005)
surpluses on the external balances and the external debt has been
restructured. However, Yemen remains the poorest country in the Middle East,
plagued by unemployment and corruption and dependent on transfers from Yemenis
abroad and on aid.
Exports go mainly to China, Chile and Thailand, while imports come mainly
from the Gulf states and China. Denmark's exports to Yemen in 2005 amounted to
DKK 240 million. DKK, while imports from there were 2 mill. kr.
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